What is an anaphylactic reaction?
Anaphylactic reaction or anaphylactic shock is hypersensitive reaction to a foreign substance, especially protein.
What causes anaphylactic shock?
Before anaphylactic shock occurs, the animal must be influenced by an allergen. A typical example is a dog, stung by a bee, which subsequently develops hypersensitivity to bee stings. After the first sting, there is usually a local reaction to the bite, also called a humoral reaction. This reaction makes the immune system to produce immunoglobulin E that binds obese cells. Massive cells are responsible for redness and swelling. (urticaria) that you see at the site of the bite. They also say that the patient is sensitive to bee toxins. After the second sting dogs, sensitive mast cells recognize foreign protein (bee toxins) and trigger a process called degranulation. AT mild cases of anaphylactic shock, local reaction, such as severe swelling at the site of the bite. In heavy cases, a large number of mast cells are released throughout the body, which leads to somatic anaphylactic shock. how as a rule, local reactions of anaphylaxis, severe anaphylactic shock is extremely rare.
Theoretically, any foreign substance can lead to anaphylactic reaction. The most common are food proteins, insect bites, medications, vaccines, polluted environment and various chemicals.
It is important to note that this is an abnormal reaction of the body. Immune the system reacts too much to a foreign substance or protein, which leads to the reaction. In most cases, anaphylaxis is like considered to be of hereditary nature.
What are the clinical symptoms of anaphylactic shock?
Clinical symptoms depend on the mode of exposure (by mouth, skin, injection, etc.), the amount of antigen, the level of immunoglobulin in an animal.
The most common symptoms of anaphylactic shock are itching, red swelling, swelling of the skin, blisters, swelling face or muzzle, excessive salivation, vomiting, and diarrhea. At a severe anaphylactic reaction the dog will have problems with breathing, and her tongue and gums turn blue.
How to diagnose anaphylaxis?
Anaphylactic shock is diagnosed by detecting recent exposure to allergen and characteristic clinical symptoms. Intradermal testing and tests are also performed. blood for immunoglobulin, to determine specific allergens.
How is anaphylactic shock treated?
Anaphylactic reaction requires emergency medical attention and treatment. The first step is to remove the foreign substance if it is possible. Further, to stabilize the animal, reduce to the likelihood of severe anaphylaxis is minimized, controlled by respiratory ways and blood pressure. Often used drugs such as adrenaline, corticosteroids, atropine or aminophylline. In the lungs In some cases, antihistamines may be sufficient. drugs, and possibly corticosteroids, followed by observing a dog for 24 or 48 hours.
What are the forecasts?
The initial forecast is always restrained. Unable to find out will the reaction be localized or will progress in heavy.
Anaphylactic reaction worsens with each subsequent exposure to an allergen, so the main goal should be prevention of its repeated exposure.
